The influenza virus is an important human pathogen, with a rapid rate of evolution in the human population.The rate of homologous recombination within genes of influenza is essentially zero.As such, where two alleles within the same gene are in linkage disequilibrium, interference between alleles will occur, whereby selection acting upon one allele
The World Health Organization UNSCENTED defines the battered child syndrome as every form of physical and/or emotional mistreatment, sexual abuse, abandonment or negligent treatment, exploitation with a commercial aim or of any other type, resulting in a real or potential damage to health, survival, development and dignity of children in the contex
During spermatogenesis in most animals, the basic proteins associated with DNA are continuously changing and somatic-typed histones are partly replaced by sperm-specific histones, which are then successively replaced by transition proteins and protamines.With the replacement of sperm nuclear basic proteins, nuclei progressively undergo chromatin co
Background: Shame and guilt are key emotions known to amplify trauma-related symptoms in veterans.Maintenance of symptoms is facilitated by avoidance behaviors, such as substance use.However, limited research has examined the associations between shame, guilt, and substance use in daily life.Methods: The current study sought to examine the cross-la